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- Title
Plaque‐induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations.
- Authors
Trombelli, Leonardo; Farina, Roberto; Silva, Cléverson O.; Tatakis, Dimitris N.
- Abstract
Abstract: Objective: Clinical gingival inflammation is a well‐defined site‐specific condition for which several measurement systems have been proposed and validated, and epidemiological studies consistently indicate its high prevalence globally. However, it is clear that defining and grading a gingival inflammatory condition at a site level (i.e. a “gingivitis site”) is completely different from defining and grading a “gingivitis case” (GC) (i.e. a patient affected by gingivitis), and that a “gingivitis site” does not necessarily mean a “GC”. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the evidence on clinical, biochemical, microbiologic, genetic markers as well as symptoms associated with plaque‐induced gingivitis and to propose a set of criteria to define GC. Importance: A universally accepted case definition for gingivitis would provide the necessary information to enable oral health professionals to assess the effectiveness of their prevention strategies and treatment regimens; help set priorities for therapeutic actions/programs by health care providers; and undertake surveillance. Findings: Based on available methods to assess gingival inflammation, GC could be simply, objectively and accurately identified and graded using bleeding on probing score (BOP%) Conclusions: A patient with intact periodontium would be diagnosed as a GC according to a BOP score ≥ 10%, further classified as localized (BOP score ≥ 10% and ≤30%) or generalized (BOP score > 30%). The proposed classification may also apply to patients with a reduced periodontium, where a GC would characterize a patient with attachment loss and BOP score ≥ 10%, but without BOP in any site probing ≥4 mm in depth.
- Subjects
DENTAL plaque; BONE resorption; DENTISTS; PERIODONTITIS; GINGIVITIS; PERIODONTIUM; PUBLIC health surveillance; GENETIC markers; DISEASE complications; SYMPTOMS; DIAGNOSIS; PREVENTION
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2018, Vol 45, pS44
- ISSN
0303-6979
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jcpe.12939