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- Title
Manufacturing a Mechanical Unit for Grain Packing.
- Authors
El-Sayed, A. S.; Megahed, M. M.; Ramadan, Y. Y.; El-Beba, A. M.
- Abstract
This research aims to design a suitable machine for packing paddy grains mechanically to; reduce grains production costs and decrease the wasted time. An innovated new design was fabricated locally to combine various operations in one selfpropelled machine from picking grains from the ground packing it into sacks by a screw elevating system, measuring the accurate needed weight tie sacks under the control of the forward and packing speeds which, synchronizing with grains layers density. The bio-engineering parameter from saving the operators from rising dusts were achieved by fixing a dust protection divider to keep dusts and weed seeds away to purify the species quality. The study included three experimental variables were as follows; four speed ratios between the winnower and screws (Sr) of (0.102, 0.123, 0.143 and 0.164) (1: 9.78, 1: 8.15, 1: 6.98 and 1: 6.11) with three levels of screw pitches (Ip) of (6, 7.5 and 9 cm) and three levels of paddy layers thickness (Lth ) of (5, 10 and 15 cm), while measurements included: first; the efficiencies of [picking grains (ηp), volumetric capacity (ηv) and machine efficiency (Me)], second; the grains damage percentage (Gd) and the machine productivity (P) third; the fuel (F) and energy consumption (Pr), fourth; the rising dusts (D) from the machine Fifth: the machine economic costs (C). The most important results included that: the maximum value of the picking grains efficiency (Q p) was 91.34 %, for Sr 0.164 at 9 cm of the Ip and 15 cm of the L th. While, the maximum value of the conveyor screws volumetric efficiency (ηv) was 93.58 % for the same factors. Besides the optimum value of the machine efficiency (Me) was 91.11 % for Sr 0.164 at 6 cm of the Ip and 5 cm of the L th. Also, the highest machine productivity (P) value reaches 1.57 ton/h for Sr 0.164 at 9 cm of the Ip and 10 cm of the L th. The maximum consumed energy (Pr) was 1.26 Kw.h/ton for Sr 0.102 at 9 cm of the Ip and 15 cm of the L th. Nerveless, the maximum value of the packing machine rising dusts (D) was 5.18 mg/m3 for Sr 0.164 at 9 cm of the Ip and 15 cm of the L th. Where, the optimum value of the machine operating cost (C) was 16.94 L.E/h for Sr of 0.102 at 6 cm of the Ip and 5 cm of the L th. Studying the costs and benefits indicated that; the proposed machine can decreases the costs of packing from (25 to 17 L.E/h) as about 30 % cost reduction ratio. The internal rate of return (IRR) after considering depreciation, alternative chance costs, the amount costs of fuel and lubricants, and the rental rate calculated found 17 L.E/ h. The internal rate of return (IRR) with release year was calculated found 32%. This rate is visible compared with the current interest rate of 16% due to the capital return which was about 3 years.
- Subjects
GRAIN; OPERATING costs; ENERGY consumption; CONSUMPTION (Economics); PACKING (Mechanical engineering)
- Publication
Journal of Soil Sciences & Agricultural Engineering, 2016, Vol 7, Issue 11, p837
- ISSN
2090-3685
- Publication type
Article