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- Title
Longitudinal changes in brain parenchyma due to mild traumatic brain injury during the first year after injury.
- Authors
Muller, Angela M.; Panenka, William J.; Lange, Rael T.; Iverson, Grant L.; Brubacher, Jeffrey R.; Virji‐Babul, Naznin
- Abstract
Chronic gray matter (GM) atrophy is a known consequence of moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries but has not been consistently shown in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of uncomplicated mTBI on the brain's GM and white matter (WM) from 6 weeks to 12 months after injury. Voxel‐based‐morphometry (VBM) was computed with the T1‐weighted images of 48 uncomplicated mTBI patients and 37 orthopedic controls. Over the period from 6 weeks to 12 months, only patients who experienced uncomplicated mTBI, but not control participants, showed significant GM decrease predominantly in the right hemisphere along the GM‐CSF border in lateral and medial portions of the sensorimotor cortex extending into the rolandic operculum, middle frontal gyrus, insula, and temporal pole. Additionally, only mTBI patients, but not controls, experienced significant WM decrease predominantly in the right hemisphere in the superior fasciculus longitudinalis, arcuate fasciculus, and cortical‐pontine tracts as well as a significant WM increase in left arcuate fasciculus and left capsula extrema. We did not observe any significant change in the controls for the same time interval or any significant group differences in GM and WM probability at each of the two timepoints. This suggests that the changes along the brain tissue borders observed in the mTBI group represent a reorganization associated with subtle microscopical changes in intracortical myelin and not a direct degenerative process as a result of mTBI. One year after injury, mTBI patients showed GM and WM probability changes along the brain tissue borders indicating a reorganization. Given that the mTBI group improved in attention performance during the first year after injury, the reorganization seems rather to present subtle microscopical changes in intracortical myelin and not a direct degenerative process as a result of mTBI.
- Subjects
BRAIN injuries; PREFRONTAL cortex; GRAY matter (Nerve tissue); WHITE matter (Nerve tissue); SENSORIMOTOR cortex
- Publication
Brain & Behavior, 2021, Vol 11, Issue 12, p1
- ISSN
2162-3279
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/brb3.2410