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- Title
Combination of GM-CSF With Fludarabine-Containing Regimens in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
- Authors
Cohen, Jonathon B; Bucur, Silvana; Winton, Elliott F; Sinha, Rajni; Heffner, Leonard T; King, Nassoma; Lonial, Sagar; Langston, Amelia A; Waller, Edmund K; Hutchison-Rzepka, Amanda; Colbert, Amanda; Lechowicz, Mary Jo; Flowers, Christopher R
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic cytokine with immunomodulatory activity that has preclinical evidence for enhancement of antitumor immunity when administered in combination with chemotherapy. We evaluated the utility of GM-CSF with chemoimmunotherapy in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in a pilot study.<bold>Patients and Methods: </bold>Patients with previously untreated, relapsed, or refractory indolent NHL or CLL were treated with GM-CSF, rituximab, fludarabine, and cyclophosphamide or mitoxantrone for a maximum of 6 cycles.<bold>Results: </bold>Sixteen patients were enrolled, including 1 patient who did not receive study therapy. Of the 15 remaining patients, 6 received cyclophosphamide and 9 received mitoxantrone in combination with fludarabine, rituximab, and GM-CSF. The overall response rate for all patients was 87%. Nine patients have subsequently had relapse of their disease, and 6 remained in remission at last study contact. There were no toxic deaths during the study.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>GM-CSF-based chemoimmunotherapy was well-tolerated and resulted in a high response rate and warrants evaluation in larger studies.
- Publication
Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia, 2015, Vol 15, Issue 9, p514
- ISSN
2152-2650
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1016/j.clml.2015.06.009