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- Title
New design of graphene oxide on macroporous nylon assisted polyvinyl alcohol with Zn (II) cross-linker for pervaporation desalination.
- Authors
Darmawan, Adi; Sabarina, Anjalya Figo Nur; Bima, Damar Nurwahyu; Muhtar, Hasan; Kartikowati, Christina Wahyu; Saraswati, Teguh Endah
- Abstract
Thin film composite membranes of macroporous nylon substrates, graphene oxide (GO) sheets, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with Zn2+ (c) ions as cross-linkers have been successfully prepared. This study aims to obtain the membrane composition with the highest desalination efficiency and the best membrane permeability and stability. Membrane performance in desalination applications was evaluated by measurement of water flux and salt rejection. GO was successfully synthesized using a modified Hummers method, and the membrane was prepared by vacuum filtration with various volumes of PVA y (y = 1 mL, 5 mL, and 10 mL). c-GO-PVA membranes were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that adding a cross-linker increases the membrane's stability, and adding PVA increases the hydrophilicity. The desalination test showed that pure GO membrane had high flux but the lowest salt rejection. The c-GO-PVA 5 nylon membrane has a high water flux of 20.68 kg m−2 h−1 and high salt rejection (close to 100.0%), so it is recommended as a pervaporation membrane. [Display omitted] • GO-PVA membrane with Zn2+ cross-linker have been successfully prepared. • Adding a cross-linker increases the membrane's stability. • Adding PVA increases the membrane's hydrophilicity. • Vacuum filtration resulted in a brick-mortar model structure on GO membranes. • The c-GO-PVA 5 membrane has a high-water flux and high salt rejection.
- Subjects
POLYVINYL alcohol; GRAPHENE oxide; PERVAPORATION; MACROPOROUS polymers; COMPOSITE membranes (Chemistry); CONTACT angle; POLYETHERSULFONE; MORTAR
- Publication
Chemical Engineering Research & Design: Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers Part A, 2023, Vol 195, p54
- ISSN
0263-8762
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/j.cherd.2023.05.029