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- Title
High prevalence of renal dysfunction in children after liver transplantation: non-invasive diagnosis using a cystatin C-based equation.
- Authors
Brinkert, Florian; Kemper, Markus J.; Briem-Richter, Andrea; van Husen, Michael; Treszl, Andras; Ganschow, Rainer
- Abstract
Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been increasingly shown to be a negative prognostic factor after liver transplantation (Ltx). Creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (GFR) formulas are notoriously insensitive. In children, non-invasive determination of GFR by measurement of serum cystatin C is feasible and repeatedly correlated to the gold standards of GFR measurements. The aim of our study was to determine GFR using cystatin C (GFR(cys)) in comparison with conventional calculated creatinine clearance (GFR(crea)) in the long-term follow-up after paediatric liver transplantation (pLtx) in a large number of patients.Methods. GFR of 168 children following liver transplantation was determined using cystatin C (GFR(cys)) and the Schwartz formula (GFR(crea)). In order to evaluate risk factors for CKD, a logistic regression analysis was performed. A multivariate model was applied to assess the impact of immunosuppressive treatment.Results. The mean follow-up after transplantation was 7.8 (0.44–15.72) years. Due to a high overestimation of GFR as demonstrated in a Bland–Altman plot, only three patients with CKD stages 2–3 were detected with GFR(crea) compared with 34 with GFR(cys) (P < 0.001). Thus, prevalence of CKD with GFR(cys) < 90 mL/min/1.73 m² was 30.4%, 7.6% and 27% in patients with 5, 10 and > 10 years of follow-up, respectively. Patients on cyclosporine had a significantly lower GFR than patients on tacrolimus. Logistic regression analysis did not show any significant risk factor for the development of CKD.Conclusions. The cystatin C equation is a non-invasive and sensitive diagnostic tool to detect renal dysfunction in children after Ltx at an early stage. The choice of first-line calcineurin inhibitor has an important impact on the development of CKD.
- Subjects
KIDNEY diseases; DISEASE prevalence; LIVER transplantation; COMPLICATIONS from organ transplantation; NONINVASIVE diagnostic tests; CYSTATINS; GLOMERULAR filtration rate; HEALTH outcome assessment; JUVENILE diseases
- Publication
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2011, Vol 26, Issue 4, p1407
- ISSN
0931-0509
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/ndt/gfq548