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- Title
The physical simulation test on formation mechanism of new surface rupture—taking the Xiaoyudong surface rupture in China as an example.
- Authors
Li, Peng; Su, Sheng R.; Zhou, Yang.; Cao, Tao.
- Abstract
The Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan county of Sichuan province on May 12, 2008. As a result of the earthquake, a new surface rupture — the Xiaoyudong surface rupture appeared between the Yingxiu–Beichuan fault and the Pengxian–Guanxian fault. Geotechnical models were built and physical simulation and numerical simulation tests were carried out to understand the formation mechanism of the Xiaoyudong surface rupture. Crustal stress and displacement distribution under different conditions were obtained, and the results reveal that (1) the formation of the Xiaoyudong surface rupture was closely influenced by the Yingxiu–Beichuan and Pengxian–Guanxian faults, and at the intersection of the two faults, there were shallow strain concentrations and deep low strain areas, and the shear stress concentrated in those area, which might have created the initial conditions to rupture in the first place; (2) when there was a pre-existing fault distributed between the Yingxiu–Beichuan and Pengxian–Guanxian faults, the principal stress direction and the strike were skewed, causing the buried fault to cut through the shallow rocks and soils above it leading to the formation of the Xiaoyudong surface rupture; and (3) the initial rupture of the Wenchuan earthquake started at the intersection of the Xiaoyudong and Yingxiu–Beichuan faults, which resulted in a rupture along the imbricate reverse fault; meanwhile, the Xiaoyudong fault ruptured and released stress from northwest to southeast. These results have a great significance with respect to the study of surface rupture formation and disaster effects.
- Publication
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2022, Vol 15, Issue 6, p1
- ISSN
1866-7511
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12517-022-09797-7