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- Title
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en América Latina: a 15 años del estudio CARMELA.
- Authors
de la Peña, Jorge Escobedo
- Abstract
In 2005 concluded one of the most ambitious studies on cardiovascular risk factors in Latin America, the CARMELA study. The study was conducted in seven Latin American cities and provided information on the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, as well as the intima media thickness and the presence of plaque in the carotid artery. In the fifteen years that have passed since then, the prevalence of arterial hypertension has decreased in the participating countries, as have the average blood pressure values of the population. A similar situation has been observed with the levels of total cholesterol in the blood and low-density cholesterol (LDL) and a slight increase in the levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL). Regarding smoking, various health policies have been proposed to reduce tobacco consumption. Diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome are highimpact cardiovascular risk factors in Latin America, the frequency of which is increasing in the countries included in CARMELA. The CARMELA study made it possible to have reference values in Latin American countries on the intima thickness measured in the carotid. This clinical parameter, together with the presence of carotid plaque, gives an idea of the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis and its impact on ischemic heart disease. Ischemic heart disease continues to represent a significant burden of disease in Latin America, even though some countries have seen a decline in mortality from this disease. Adequate knowledge of the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors allows the health systems of Latin American countries to establish policies to reduce the burden that ischemic heart disease imposes on the health of these countries' populations.
- Publication
Gaceta Médica de Caracas, 2020, Vol 128, Issue 4, p456
- ISSN
0367-4762
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.47307/GMC.2020.128.4.2