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- Title
Water-pipe (narguile) smokers in Lebanon: a pilot study.
- Authors
Waked M; Salameh P; Aoun Z
- Abstract
We carried out a comparative study to assess the demographic and social characteristics of water pipe (WP) smokers, the association with cigarette smoking and chronic respiratory diseases and the dependence profile on 4 groups: exclusive WP smokers, exclusive cigarette smokers, mixed smokers and absolute non-smokers. Cigarette smoking was statistically significantly higher in WP smokers than non-WP smokers; 36.5% of exclusive WP smokers smoked > or =7 WPs/week. Chronic respiratory disease and chronic bronchitis were reported more frequently in exclusive WP smokers than absolute non-smokers. WP smoking seems to be as great a risk factor as cigarette smoking for chronic respiratory disease.
- Publication
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2009, Vol 15, Issue 2, p432
- ISSN
1020-3397
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.26719/2009.15.2.432