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- Title
Spatial targeting of payments for ecosystem services to achieve conservation goals and promote social equity and economic impact.
- Authors
Soh, Moonwon; Cho, Seong‐Hoon
- Abstract
The objective of this research was to identify optimal spatial targeting and distributions of a fixed PES (payment systems for ecosystem services) budget that achieves the three objectives of maximizing forest‐based carbon storage to improve cost efficiency, maximizing poverty alleviation to promote equity, and maximizing economic impact to encourage economic development. We used the Central and Southern Appalachian Region as a case study to develop a county‐level framework for identifying optimal county targets and optimal budget allocations for forest‐based carbon sequestration that addresses the three objectives. The results show that optimal budgets are more geographically widespread under the multiple‐objective priority scenarios than under the single‐objective of maximizing carbon cost efficiency, and the optimal spatial distributions of the four priority scenarios do not change appreciably across priority scenarios. The quantified relationships reveal that different priority weights among the priority scenarios yield both competitive trade‐offs and synergistic relationships between the objectives. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESOURCE MANAGERS: Incentive payment programs that address conservation cost efficiency, social equity, and economic development objectives all together are critical in evaluating optimal spatial targeting of programs' budgets.Conservation agencies can use the quantified trade‐offs and synergistic relationships among the three objectives to assess the costs (trade‐offs) or benefits (synergies) of priorities they place on the objectives.The results show that optimal budgets are more geographically widespread under the multiple‐objective priority scenarios than under the single‐objective of maximizing conservation cost efficiency.Our modeling framework can help conservation agencies adjust their priorities to address other objectives when they view the cost of achieving a single conservation too high in terms of other objectives sacrificed.The optimal spatial budget distributions under different priority scenarios can be used to spatially target conservation budgets to encourage conservation goals, while also promoting social equity through poverty alleviation and rural economic development through increased economic activity.
- Subjects
PAYMENTS for ecosystem services; ECONOMIC impact; RURAL development; SOCIAL goals; POVERTY reduction; ECOSYSTEM services
- Publication
Natural Resource Modeling, 2019, Vol 32, Issue 4, pN.PAG
- ISSN
0890-8575
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nrm.12219