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- Title
High-Value Compounds in Papaya By-Products (Carica papaya L. var. Formosa and Aliança): Potential Sustainable Use and Exploitation.
- Authors
Vinha, Ana F.; Costa, Anabela S. G.; Espírito Santo, Liliana; Ferreira, Diana M.; Sousa, Carla; Pinto, Edgar; Almeida, Agostinho; Oliveira, Maria Beatriz P. P.
- Abstract
Background: Food waste is a global and growing problem that is gaining traction due to its environmental, ethical, social, and economic repercussions. Between 2022 and 2027, the worldwide papaya market is expected to have a huge increase, meaning a growth in organic waste, including peels and seeds. Thus, this study evaluated the potential use of peels and seeds of two mature papaya fruits as a source of bioactive compounds, converting these by-products into value-added products. Proximate analysis (AOAC methods), mineral content (ICP-MS), free sugars (HPLC-ELSD), fatty acid composition (GC-FID), vitamin E profile (HPLC-DAD-FLD), and antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays) were evaluated. Results: Both by-products showed high total protein (20–27%), and dietary fiber (32–38%) contents. Papaya peels presented a high ash content (14–16%), indicating a potential application as a mineral source. 14 fatty acids were detected, with α-linolenic acid (30%) as the most abundant in the peels and oleic acid (74%) in the seeds. Both by-products showed high antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Papaya by-products display great potential for industrial recovery and application, such as formulation of new functional food ingredients.
- Subjects
TAIWAN; PAPAYA; VITAMIN E; ORGANIC wastes; DIETARY fiber; FOOD waste; OLEIC acid
- Publication
Plants (2223-7747), 2024, Vol 13, Issue 7, p1009
- ISSN
2223-7747
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/plants13071009