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- Title
塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷古生界成藏条件特殊性 与油气勘探意义.
- Authors
刘 军; 田 雷; 杨丽莎; 代冬冬; 张继娟
- Abstract
Three Paleozoic paleo-uplifts are developed in the Tarim Basin, namely North Tarim, Central Tarim, and Southwest Tarim. So far, a series of large and medium-sized oil & gas fields have been discovered in the Paleozoic of North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts and their slopes. The Paleozoic paleo-uplift in the Southwest Tarim Depression covers the largest area, but no large-scale breakthrough has been achieved in nearly 20 years of continuous exploration, for the particularities of its hydrocarbon accumulation conditions are not clearly understood. After analyzing the regional tectonic evolution, this paper studies the maturity evolution history of the source rocks, the hydrocarbon transport conditions and the development characteristics of the sedimentary reservoirs in this area. In addition, its special hydrocarbon conditions are clarified, and their implications for oil and gas exploration are revealed by comparing with the North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts. And the following research results are obtained. First, the evolution of the South Tarim Depression is special. The North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts are inheriting paleo-uplifts that are developed continuously, while the Southwest Tarim paleo-uplift is a migratory paleo-uplift with the evolutionary characteristics of development in the Late Caledonian, differential adjustment in the Late Hercynian and quick burial in the Late Himalayan. Second, the hydrocarbon generation and evolution history of the source rocks is special. Controlled by the differential tectonic evolution, the Lower Cambrian source rock in the Southwest Tarim Depression had been at the high position of the paleo-uplift before the Late Himalayan. As a result, its maturity is much later and thus its principal hydrocarbon generation is later compared with the North Tarim Depression. Third, the hydrocarbon transport system is special. The oil and gas generated by the Lower Cambrian source rocks in the Southwest Tarim Depression migrates mainly along the Hercynian and Himalayan faults, and its formed period, nature and scale are quite different from those in the North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts. Fourth, the reservoircaprock assemblage is special. The Ordovician weathering crust reservoir is developed extensively in the North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts. In Southwest Tarim paleo-uplift, however, the Ordovician weathering crust reservoir is overall undeveloped under the control of sedimentary environment and later reworking condition, and controlled by the distribution of the paleo-uplift, cap rocks are divided into Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous from west to east; while the dolomite reservoir of the Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation is relatively developed, forming a better reservoir-caprock assemblage. In conclusion, the four special hydrocarbon accumulation conditions determine the particularities of hydrocarbon accumulation processes and layers in the Southwest Tarim Depression, and correspondingly the oil and gas exploration idea of Paleozoic in the Southwest Tarim Depression should be different from that in the North Tarim and Central Tarim paleo-uplifts, which should focus on the subsalt to seek for the breakthrough of Himalayan natural gas.
- Subjects
PETROLEUM prospecting; OIL fields; NATURAL gas prospecting; CAP rock; GAS fields; DOLOMITE; SAPROPEL
- Publication
Natural Gas Industry, 2023, Vol 43, Issue 9, p61
- ISSN
1000-0976
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2023.09.006