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- Title
Both nicotine reward and withdrawal are enhanced in a rodent model of diabetes.
- Authors
Pipkin, Joseph; Cruz, Bryan; Flores, Rodolfo; Hinojosa, Cecilia; Carcoba, Luis; Ibarra, Melissa; Francis, Wendy; Nazarian, Arbi; O'Dell, Laura
- Abstract
Rationale: It is presently unclear whether diabetic rats experience greater rewarding effects of nicotine and/or negative affective states produced by nicotine withdrawal. Objective: The present study utilized a rodent model of diabetes to examine the rewarding effects of nicotine and negative affective states and physical signs produced by withdrawal. Methods: Separate groups of rats received systemic administration of either vehicle or streptozotocin (STZ), which destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and elevates glucose levels. Place conditioning procedures were utilized to compare the rewarding effects of nicotine (conditioned place preference; CPP) and negative affective states produced by withdrawal (conditioned place aversion; CPA) in vehicle- and STZ-treated rats. CPA and physical signs of withdrawal were compared after administration of the nicotinic receptor antagonist mecamylamine to precipitate withdrawal in nicotine-dependent rats. A subsequent study utilized elevated plus maze (EPM) procedures to compare anxiety-like behavior produced by nicotine withdrawal in vehicle- and STZ-treated rats. Results: STZ-treated rats displayed greater rewarding effects of nicotine and a larger magnitude of aversive effects and physical signs produced by withdrawal as compared to vehicle-treated controls. STZ-treated rats also displayed higher levels of anxiety-like behavior on the EPM during nicotine withdrawal as compared to controls. Conclusion: The finding that both nicotine reward and withdrawal are enhanced in a rodent model of diabetes implies that the strong behavioral effects of nicotine promote tobacco use in persons with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes.
- Subjects
NICOTINE; STREPTOZOTOCIN; WITHDRAWAL (Psychology); EMOTIONAL shutdown (Psychology); METABOLIC disorders
- Publication
Psychopharmacology, 2017, Vol 234, Issue 9/10, p1615
- ISSN
0033-3158
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00213-017-4592-y