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- Title
Protecting the endothelial glycocalyx in COVID-19.
- Authors
Tay, Emira Adam; Vijayakumar, Vimmal; Morales, Raika Francesca; Lee, Ee Soo; Teo, Andrew
- Abstract
This article explores the significance of safeguarding the endothelial glycocalyx (EG) in individuals with COVID-19. The EG is a layer of glycoproteins that lines blood vessels and plays a critical role in maintaining vascular health. Damage to the EG has been associated with severe vascular complications in COVID-19, and interactions between the host and pathogen may contribute to this damage. The article suggests that therapeutic agents such as neutralizing antibodies, low molecular weight heparin, IL-6 receptor blockers, and corticosteroids may help protect the EG and reduce the severity of the disease. The article also discusses potential therapies that could protect and restore the EG in COVID-19 patients, including approved COVID-19 vaccines, tocilizumab, baricitinib, dexamethasone, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitors, and Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors. Additionally, therapies like imatinib, fucoidan, rhamnan sulfate (RS), sulodexide, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), albumin, and fingolimod (FTY720) may aid in the restoration of the EG. However, further research is necessary to assess the effectiveness and safety of these treatments.
- Subjects
GLYCOCALYX; MONOCLONAL antibodies; COVID-19; VASCULAR endothelial growth factors; VASCULAR cell adhesion molecule-1; NEUTROPHILS; ANGIOTENSIN converting enzyme; LOW-molecular-weight heparin; INFLAMMATORY mediators
- Publication
PLoS Pathogens, 2024, Vol 20, Issue 5, p1
- ISSN
1553-7366
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.ppat.1012203