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- Title
Epidemiological Characteristics and Microbiological Profile of Infectious Keratitis in the Last Decade at a Tertiary Care Center in Istanbul: A Retrospective Study.
- Authors
Yıldız, Merve Beyza; Yıldız, Elvin; Vural, Ece Turan; Bolaç, Rüveyde; Koçkar, Nadir; Aksaray, Sebahat
- Abstract
Background: Regional epidemiological studies are needed for the management of microbial keratitis. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological features, risk factors, causative microorganisms, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns in microbial keratitis in the last decade. Materials and Methods: Medical and laboratory records of patients with microbial keratitis who underwent corneal scrapings between 2013 and 2023 were reviewed. Risk factors, culture results, and antibiotic sensitivity of the microorganisms were evaluated. Results: We obtained a 45.0% culture-positive rate (90/200). The mean age of the patients was 64±19 years (range: 18-94) (45 female, 45 male). The most common risk factor was corneal transplantation (42.2%). Of all positive cultures, 75 (83.3%) were bacterial and 15 (16.7%) were fungal keratitis. Polymicrobial growth was detected in 13 cultures. In total, 87 bacteria and 16 fungi were isolated. The 103 isolated microorganisms consisted of 46 gram-positive bacteria (44.7%), 41 gram-negative bacteria (39.8%), and 16 fungi. The most frequent microorganisms in bacterial keratitis were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.6%), and Candida species (8.7%) in fungal keratitis. The gentamicin and vancomycin susceptibilities of gram-positive bacteria were 100%. The susceptibility of gram-negative bacteria to various aminoglycosides ranged from 76.5% to 87.0%, which was comparable to that of ceftazidime (81.8%). The susceptibility of all bacterial species to various fluoroquinolones ranged from 77.8% to 100% Conclusion: Bacteria are the most common causative agent of microbial keratitis. The most frequent microorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. According to our results, empirical treatment of bacterial keratitis may be initiated with a combination of vancomycin and cephalosporin or aminoglycoside. Early treatment modification may be considered when a clinical response is not achieved.
- Subjects
ISTANBUL (Turkey); TREATMENT of keratitis; VANCOMYCIN; GRAM-positive bacteria; TERTIARY care
- Publication
Hamidiye Medical Journal, 2023, Vol 4, Issue 3, p184
- ISSN
2718-0956
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4274/hamidiyemedj.galenos.2023.77487