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- Title
Investigation of structural and magnetic properties of NiO/BaFe<sub>12</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Zn<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites.
- Authors
Farhat, S.; Awad, R.; Bitar, Z.
- Abstract
Pure NiO, BaFe12O19, and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Four ternary (1 − x–y)NiO/xNi0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/yBaFe12O19 (x and y between 0 and 1) nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by the wet ball milling technique, then calcined at 950 °C for 4 h. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) validated the production of pure NiO and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 without impurities, while BaFe12O19 was produced with the α-Fe2O3 additional phase. When compared to the initial weight percentages, the Rietveld refinement technique revealed different weight percentages for the three phases. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) investigated the morphology and the microstructure of the samples, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that nanocomposites were successfully formed from the examination of the elements constituting the nanocomposites (Ba2+, Ni2+, Ni3+, Zn2+, Fe3+and O2−). The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements identified the effect of the weight percentage of each phase in the nanocomposite on the magnetic parameters. The switching field distribution (SFD) curves indicated significant exchange coupling interactions in the samples that include a small weight percentage of BaFe12O19. Exchange and dipolar interactions were both recognized in Henkel plots of all samples, although exchange coupling predominated. Four laws of approach to saturation (LAS) were applied to the samples and showed magnetization dependency on H−1 and H−1/2 rather than the summation of H−1, H−2, and H for almost all samples.
- Subjects
HENKEL AG &; Co. KGaA; MAGNETIC properties; EXCHANGE interactions (Magnetism); NANOCOMPOSITE materials; X-ray powder diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- Publication
Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing, 2024, Vol 130, Issue 6, p1
- ISSN
0947-8396
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00339-024-07585-6