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- Title
Microcrystalline Chitosan is Ineffective to Decrease Plasma Lipids in both Apolipoprotein E ε4 Carriers and Non-Carriers: A Long-Term Placebo-Controlled Trial in Hypercholesterolaemic Volunteers.
- Authors
Lehtimäki, Terho; Metso, Saara; Ylitalo, Ritva; Rontu, Riikka; Nikkilä, Matti; Wuolijoki, Erkki; Ylitalo, Pauli
- Abstract
Chitosan is a deacetylated product of chitin. Microcrystalline form of chitosan has a large adsorption area claimed to decrease gastrointestinal absorption of cholesterol. However, the long-term effect of chitosan on plasma lipids is variable, the averaged influence being negligible or lacking in mildly-to-moderately hypercholesterolaemic (4.8–6.8 mmol/l) subjects. We evaluated whether this variation and inefficacy depend on apolipoprotein E genotype. 130 middle-aged, otherwise healthy men (n=55) and women (n=75) were randomized into two treatment groups for a 7 month trial. During a 1 month run-in period all participants received placebo. Subsequently, one half first took placebo twice daily for 3 months and then 1.2 g chitosan twice daily for 3 months, and the other half vice versa in a cross-over way. Altogether 84 participants completed the study. Plasma lipids and glucose were determined at the end of each phase of the study, and all subjects undergone to the cross-over phases were apolipoprotein E genotyped. Chitosan altered plasma total, low- and high density cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose in neither apolipoprotein E ε4 allele carriers (n=29) nor non-carriers (n=55), compared to placebo. In conclusions, chitosan is ineffective to decrease plasma lipids in apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier and non-carrier phenotypes with mildly-to-moderatly increased plasma cholesterol.
- Subjects
CHITOSAN; CHITIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; BLOOD sugar; BLOOD lipids; ADSORPTION (Chemistry); FINN-Medi Research Ltd.
- Publication
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2005, Vol 97, Issue 2, p98
- ISSN
1742-7835
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_111.x