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- Title
Para-selective nitrobenzene amination lead by C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-H/N-H oxidative cross-coupling through aminyl radical.
- Authors
Zhang, Zhen; Yue, Shusheng; Jin, Bo; Yang, Ruchun; Wang, Shengchun; Zhang, Tianqi; Sun, Li; Lei, Aiwen; Cai, Hu
- Abstract
Arylamines, serving as crucial building blocks in natural products and finding applications in multifunctional materials, are synthesized on a large scale via an electrophilic nitration/reduction sequence. However, the current methods for aromatic C–H amination have not yet attained the same level of versatility as electrophilic nitration. Here we show an extensively investigated transition metal-free and regioselective strategy for the amination of nitrobenzenes, enabling the synthesis of 4-nitro-N-arylamines through C(sp2)-H/N-H cross-coupling between electron-deficient nitroarenes and amines. Mechanistic studies have elucidated that the crucial aspects of these reactions encompass the generation of nitrogen radicals and recombination of nitrobenzene complex radicals. The C(sp2)-N bond formation is demonstrated to be highly effective for primary and secondary arylamines as well as aliphatic amines under mild conditions, exhibiting exceptional tolerance towards diverse functional groups in both nitroarenes and amines (>100 examples with yields up to 96%). Notably, this C(sp2)-H/N-H cross-coupling exhibits exclusive para-selectivity. Direct radical C–H amination strategies have exhibited innovation, but challenges remain with C–H amination of electron-poor nitroarenes due to the essence of the electron-deficient nitrogen radical. Herein, the authors report a transition metal-free dehydrogenative C(sp2)-H/N-H cross-coupling between electron-poor nitroarenes and amines.
- Subjects
RADICALS (Chemistry); AMINATION; NITROBENZENE; ALIPHATIC amines; AROMATIC amines; NITROAROMATIC compounds
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2024, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-024-48540-6