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- Title
A Model for Urban Biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> Fluxes: Solar-Induced Fluorescence for Modeling Urban biogenic Fluxes (SMUrF v1).
- Authors
Wu, Dien; Lin, John C.; Duarte, Henrique F.; Yadav, Vineet; Parazoo, Nicholas C.; Oda, Tomohiro; Kort, Eric A.
- Abstract
When estimating fossil fuel carbon dioxide (FFCO2) emissions from observed CO2 concentrations, the accuracy can be hampered by biogenic carbon exchanges during the growing season even for urban areas where strong fossil fuel emissions are found. While biogenic carbon fluxes have been studied extensively across natural vegetation types, biogenic carbon fluxes within an urban area have been challenging to quantify due to limited observations and differences between urban versus rural regions. Here we developed a simple model representation, i.e., Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) for Modeling Urban biogenic Fluxes ("SMUrF"), that estimates the gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) over cities around the globe. Specifically, we leveraged space-based SIF, machine learning, eddy-covariance flux data, and additional remote sensing-based products, and developed algorithms to gap fill fluxes for urban areas. Grid-level hourly mean net ecosystem exchange (NEE) are extracted from SMUrF and evaluated against 1) non-gapfilled measurements at 67 eddy-covariance (EC) sites from FLUXNET during 2010-2014 (r > 0.7 for most data-rich biomes), 2) independent observations at two urban vegetation and two crop EC sites over Indianapolis from Aug 2017 to Dec 2018 (r = 0.75), and 3) an urban biospheric model based on fine-grained land cover classification within Los Angeles (r = 0.83). Moreover, we compared SMUrF-based NEE with inventory-based FFCO2 emissions over 40 cities and addressed the urban-rural contrast regarding both the magnitude and timing of CO2 fluxes. By examining a few summertime satellite tracks over four cities, we found that the urban-rural gradient in column CO2 (XCO2) anomalies due to NEE can sometimes reach ~ 0.5 ppm and be close to XCO2 enhancements due to FFCO2 emissions. With rapid advances in space-based measurements and increased sampling of SIF and CO2 measurements over urban areas, SMUrF can be useful for informing the biogenic CO2 fluxes over highly vegetated regions during the growing season.
- Subjects
LOS Angeles (Calif.); INDIANAPOLIS (Ind.); FLUORESCENCE; CITIES &; towns; FLUX (Energy); GROWING season; ARTIFICIAL satellite tracking; CARBON cycle
- Publication
Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 2020, p1
- ISSN
1991-9611
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5194/gmd-2020-301