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- Title
Zero- to low-field relaxometry of chemical and biological fluids.
- Authors
Alcicek, Seyma; Put, Piotr; Kubrak, Adam; Alcicek, Fatih Celal; Barskiy, Danila; Gloeggler, Stefan; Dybas, Jakub; Pustelny, Szymon
- Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is an analytical method that provides information about molecular environments, even for NMR "silent" molecules (spin-0), by analyzing the properties of NMR signals versus the magnitude of the longitudinal field. Conventionally, this technique is performed at fields much higher than Earth's magnetic field, but our work focuses on NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic fields (ZULFs). Operating under such conditions allows us to investigate slow (bio)chemical processes occurring on a timescale from milliseconds to seconds, which coincide with spin evolution. ZULFs also minimize T2 line broadening in heterogeneous samples resulting from magnetic susceptibility. Here, we use ZULF NMR relaxometry to analyze (bio)chemical compounds containing 1H-13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin pairs. We also detected high-quality ULF NMR spectra of human whole-blood at 0.8 μT, despite a shortening of spin relaxation by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). Information on proton relaxation times of blood, a potential early biomarker of inflammation, can be acquired in under a minute using inexpensive, portable/small-size NMR spectrometers based on atomic magnetometers. NMR relaxometry can provide information on paramagnetic as well as diamagnetic compounds in solution by analyzing nuclear-spin relaxation times, and, operated at ultra-low magnetic fields, slow processes can be studied. Here, the authors employ zero and ultra-low magnetic fields using an atomic magnetometer as a simple, portable, robust, inexpensive, and sensitive tool to analyze chemical solutions and biofluids.
- Subjects
GEOMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC fields; NUCLEAR magnetic resonance; SOLUTION (Chemistry); NMR spectrometers; BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY
- Publication
Communications Chemistry, 2023, Vol 6, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2399-3669
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s42004-023-00965-8