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- Title
Patient-Reported Outcomes, Tumor Markers, and Survival Outcomes in Advanced GI Cancer.
- Authors
Jarnagin, Joy X.; Saraf, Anurag; Baiev, Islam; Chi, Gary; van Seventer, Emily E.; Mojtahed, Amirkasra; Allen, Jill N.; Clark, Jeffrey W.; Blaszkowsky, Lawrence; Giantonio, Bruce J.; Weekes, Colin D.; Klempner, Samuel J.; Franses, Joseph W.; Roeland, Eric J.; Goyal, Lipika; Siravegna, Giulia; Horick, Nora; Corcoran, Ryan B.; Nipp, Ryan D.; Parikh, Aparna R.
- Abstract
Key Points: Question: Are early changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), such as quality of life and symptoms, as well as tumor markers, associated with clinical outcomes in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer? Findings: In this prospective cohort study of 159 patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, early changes in PROs (from baseline to 1 month) were associated with treatment response, progression-free survival, and overall survival, whereas tumor markers were not consistently associated with these outcomes. Meaning: These findings suggest that early changes in PROs may be associated with important outcomes among patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, underscoring the need to monitor and address quality of life and symptom concerns in this population. This cohort study examines the association of 1-month changes in patient-reported outcomes and serum tumor markers with treatment response and survival among patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Importance: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), such as quality of life (QOL) and symptoms, are often associated with clinical outcomes in patients with cancer. In practice, oncologists use serum tumor markers (TMs) (ie, carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA 19-9]) and imaging to monitor clinical outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Objective: To examine associations of 1-month changes in PROs and TMs with treatment response and survival among patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study enrolled patients at Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center with at least 1 month follow-up from May 2019 to December 2020. Included patients were beginning first-line systemic therapy, aged 18 years or older, and had been diagnosed with metastatic pancreaticobiliary, colorectal, or gastroesophageal cancer. Data analyses took place from January 2021 to January 2022. Intervention: PROs were collected, including QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General [FACT-G]), physical symptoms (Edmonton Symptom Assessment System [ESAS]), and psychological symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-4 [PHQ4] total, PHQ4-depression, and PHQ4-anxiety), as well as TMs (CEA and CA 19-9), at the time of chemotherapy initiation and 1 month later. Main Outcomes and Measures: Associations of 1-month changes in PROs and TMs with treatment response (clinical benefit vs disease progression) at first scan, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), adjusted for baseline values using regression models. Results: This study included 159 patients, with 134 patients (84.3%) evaluable for analysis. Patients had a median (range) age of 64.0 (28.0-84.0) years and 86 (64.2%) were male. One-month PRO changes (FACT-G: OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11; P =.001; ESAS-total: OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-1.00; P =.02; ESAS-physical: OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92-1.00; P =.03; PHQ4-depression: OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.92; P =.01) were significantly associated with treatment response, but PHQ4-total or TMs were not. Changes in FACT-G (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99; P =.003), ESAS-total (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05; P =.004), ESAS-physical (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05; P =.02), PHQ4-depression (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.01-1.48; P =.04), and CEA (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 1.001-1.004; P =.001) were associated with PFS, but changes in PHQ4-total or TMs were not. Changes in ESAS-total (HR, 1.03, 95% CI, 1.01-1.06; P =.006) and ESAS-physical (HR, 1.04, 95% CI, 1.01-1.06; P =.015) were associated with OS, but changes in TMs were not associated with OS. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that 1-month changes in PROs can be associated with treatment response and survival in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Notably, 1-month changes in TMs were not consistently associated with these outcomes. These findings highlight the potential for monitoring early changes in PROs to associate with clinical outcomes while underscoring the need to address the QOL and symptom concerns of patients with advanced cancer.
- Subjects
MASSACHUSETTS; GASTROINTESTINAL tumors treatment; SURVIVAL; CONFIDENCE intervals; CANCER chemotherapy; HEALTH outcome assessment; CANCER patients; QUALITY of life; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MENTAL depression; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH funding; TUMOR markers; ODDS ratio; OVERALL survival; LONGITUDINAL method; EVALUATION
- Publication
JAMA Network Open, 2023, Vol 6, Issue 11, pe2343512
- ISSN
2574-3805
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43512