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- Title
OPASNOST OD PARAZITSKIH ZOONOZA U POVEZANOSTI SA POSLJEDNJIM VALOM MIGRANATA (3) - MALARIJA.
- Authors
Štimac, Iva; Martinković, Franjo
- Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by five species of parasites of the genus Plasmodium that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax pose the greatest threat and remaining three species are P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi. In 2019, almost half of the world population was at risk of malaria, with an estimated number of 229 million cases of malaria and 409 000 of malaria deaths. Most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, however, significant morbidity and mortality have also been reported in South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific and America. Considering the specificities of the endemic countries, national prevention programs for eliminating malaria address specific protection measures. However, insufficient funds generate a series of problems for public health institutions, such as the lack of equipment and medicines. Oftentimes, the private sector fails to comply with regulatory measures, or the measures are non-existant. In Syrian Arab Republic, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Republic of Iraq and Islamic Republic of Iran isolated species of Plasmodium are P. falciparum and P. vivax. All member countries of the European Union are considered free from malaria caused by P. falciparum and P. vivax. In the countries of the European Union/European Economic Area, 31 966 cases were reported between 2012-2016, with 99,8% cases of infection occuring in the endemic countries. From May, 2017, France, Italy, Greece and Great Britain have been reporting on the indigenous cases of infection, indicating potential local infections in future, particularly in southern parts of the EU, where competent vectors and favorable climatic conditions for their activity are present.
- Subjects
MALARIA; HEALTH facilities; PLASMODIUM falciparum; ANOPHELES; PRIVATE sector
- Publication
Veterinaria, 2021, Vol 70, Issue 3, p383
- ISSN
0372-6827
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.51607/22331360.2021.70.3.383