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- Title
Enabling "lithium-free" manufacturing of pure lithium metal solid-state batteries through in situ plating.
- Authors
Wang, Michael J.; Carmona, Eric; Gupta, Arushi; Albertus, Paul; Sakamoto, Jeff
- Abstract
The coupling of solid-state electrolytes with a Li-metal anode and state-of-the-art (SOA) cathode materials is a promising path to develop inherently safe batteries with high energy density (>1000 Wh L−1). However, integrating metallic Li with solid-electrolytes using scalable processes is not only challenging, but also adds extraneous volume since SOA cathodes are fully lithiated. Here we show the potential for "Li-free" battery manufacturing using the Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) electrolyte. We demonstrate that Li-metal anodes >20 μm can be electroplated onto a current collector in situ without LLZO degradation and we propose a model to relate electrochemical and nucleation behavior. A full cell consisting of in situ formed Li, LLZO, and NCA is demonstrated, which exhibits stable cycling over 50 cycles with high Coulombic efficiencies. These findings demonstrate the viability of "Li-free" configurations using LLZO which may guide the design and manufacturing of high energy density solid-state batteries. While the impetus to develop lithium metal solid-state batteries is clear, identifying a practical manufacturing process is challenging. Herewith, authors study the underlying mechanisms controlling in-situ anode formation that could enable viable lithium-free manufacturing.
- Subjects
SOLID state batteries; ELECTRIC batteries; LITHIUM-ion batteries; ENERGY density; MANUFACTURING processes; PLATING; METALS
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2020, Vol 11, Issue 1, pN.PAG
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-020-19004-4