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- Title
The influence of upright posture on craniospinal, arteriovenous, and abdominal pressures in a chronic ovine in-vivo trial.
- Authors
Podgoršak, Anthony; Trimmel, Nina Eva; Oertel, Markus Florian; Arras, Margarete; Weisskopf, Miriam; Schmid Daners, Marianne
- Abstract
Introduction: Most investigations into postural influences on craniospinal and adjacent physiology have been performed in anesthetized animals. A comprehensive study evaluating these physiologies while awake has yet been completed. Methods: Six awake sheep had telemetric pressure sensors (100 Hz) implanted to measure intracranial, intrathecal, arterial, central venous, cranial, caudal, dorsal, and ventral intra-abdominal pressure (ICP, ITP, ABP, CVP, IAPcr, IAPcd, IAPds, IAPve, respectively). They were maneuvered upright by placing in a chair for two minutes; repeated 25 times over one month. Changes in mean and pulse pressure were calculated by comparing pre-chair, P0, with three phases during the maneuver: P1, chair entrance; P2, chair halftime; P3, prior to chair exit. Statistical significance (p ≤.05) was assessed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Significant mean pressure changes of (P1 − P0) and (P3 − P0) were measured at − 12.1 ± 3.1 and − 14.2 ± 3.0(p <.001), 40.8 ± 10.5 and 37.7 ± 3.5(p =.019), 9.7 ± 8.3 and 6.2 ± 5.3(p =.012), 22.3 ± 29.8 and 12.5 ± 12.1(p =.042), and 11.7 ± 3.9 and 9.0 ± 5.2(p =.014) mmHg, for ICP, ITP, IAPds, IAPcr, IAPca, respectively. For pulse pressures, significant changes of (P1 − P0) and (P3 − P0) were measured at − 1.3 ± 0.7 and − 2.0 ± 1.1(p <.001), 4.7 ± 2.3 and 1.4 ± 1.4(p <.001), 15.0 ± 10.2 and 7.3 ± 5.5(p <.001), − 0.7 ± 1.8 and − 1.7 ± 1.7(p <.001), − 1.3 ± 4.2 and − 1.4 ± 4.7(p =.006), and 0.3 ± 3.9 and − 1.0 ± 1.3(p <.001) mmHg, for ICP, ITP, ABP, IAPds, IAPcr, IAPca, respectively. Conclusions: Pressures changed posture-dependently to differing extents. Changes were most pronounced immediately after entering upright posture (P1) and became less prominent over the chair duration (P2-to-P3), suggesting increased physiologic compensation. Dynamic changes in IAP varied across abdominal locations, motivating the abdominal cavity not to be considered as a unified entity, but sub-compartments with individual dynamics.
- Subjects
INTRA-abdominal pressure; POSTURE; PRESSURE sensors; ABDOMEN; INTRACRANIAL pressure
- Publication
Fluids & Barriers of the CNS, 2023, Vol 20, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2045-8118
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12987-023-00485-6