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- Title
Analysis of the process of pharmaceutical substances removal from aquatic solution using membranes modified with calcium carbonate.
- Authors
Zielińska, Izabela; Polak, Daniel; Nurczyńska, Hanna; Szwast, Maciej; Gierycz, Paweł
- Abstract
One of the biggest problems related to water management is water pollution with pharmaceutical substances. The diversity of these substances makes conventional wastewater treatment methods ineffective. For this reason, there is a need to develop new, more efficient methods. A solution that can improve the efficiency of removing pharmaceutical substances from water is an integrated filtration-adsorption process. For this purpose, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were modified with calcium carbonate particles, which have adsorption properties. The modification process was carried out by dip coating method, in which a layer-forming solution consisting of dissolved PVDF polymer and CaCO3 particles was applied to the membrane surface. In the conducted tests, the ability to remove pharmaceutical substances from the aqueous solution was determined. The influence of such parameters as pH, NaCl salt concentration, FeCl2 salt concentration and surface tension on the filtration-adsorption process was also examined. The filtration-adsorption process was carried out in a classic flow system used for the microfiltration process. The tested pharmaceutical substances were tetracycline and sulfadiazine. Based on the conducted tests, it was found that the process of removing the tested substances occurs intensively only at specific pH range, 6.5-10 for tetracycline and 4.5-6.5 for sulfadiazine. Below and above this range, there is a significant decrease in the efficiency of the process. On the other hand, in the presence of salt ions, their low concentration does not adversely affect the efficiency of the process, but above a certain concentration, the amount of removed pharmaceutical substance decreases (from 40 to 20 mg/m² for NaCl and from 80 to 5 mg/m² for FeCl2). The presence of substances reducing the value of surface tension has a similar effect as salts.
- Subjects
CALCIUM carbonate; SURFACE tension; WATER management; WATER pollution; WASTEWATER treatment; POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2023, Vol 316, p520
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2023.30168