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- Title
Optimization of fertilization characteristics of urine by addition of Nitrosomonas europaea bio-seed.
- Authors
Hashemi, Shervin; Han, Mooyoung; Kim, Tschungil
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Because of the high concentration of nutrients in human urine, its utilization as an organic fertilizer has been notable throughout history. However, the nitrogen compounds in urine are not stable. Therefore, to convert urine into a suitable fertilizer, it is important to stabilize and adjust unstable nitrogen compounds such as ammonia. Because nitrification can influence the nitrogen profile, the use of nitrifyingmicroorganisms can be useful for stabilizing the nitrogen profile of urine. This study investigated the changes in nitrogen compounds in pure urine and examined the effect of adding Nitrosomonas europaea bio-seed solution on these changes. RESULTS: It was found that the addition of bio-seed could reduce nitrogen loss as well as the time required to stabilize the nitrogen profile. Furthermore, the optimum concentration of bio-seed (6×105 N. europaea cells L-1) that not only leads to the least nutrient loss but also results inanadequate nitrate/ammoniumratio andregulates the amountofnitrate produced, thereby preventing over-fertilization, was determined. CONCLUSION: At this concentration, no dilution or dewatering is required, thus minimizing water and energy consumption. Usage of the optimum of concentration of bio-seed will also eliminate the need for inorganic chemical additives.
- Subjects
NITROSOMONAS europaea; COMPOSITION of seeds; PLANT fertilization; NITRIFICATION; URINE; BIOCONCENTRATION
- Publication
Journal of the Science of Food & Agriculture, 2016, Vol 96, Issue 13, p4416
- ISSN
0022-5142
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jsfa.7652