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- Title
Osteosarcoma diagnosed in a dog using a formalin‐fixed fine‐needle aspirate biopsy.
- Abstract
Background: Fine‐needle aspirate (FNA) biopsy is considered a quick technique to access and identify the cell types present in a pathologic lesion or make a diagnosis. Often, clinicians want to know if they are dealing with an inflammatory lesion with or without infectious agents or a neoplastic lesion. At times, neoplastic lesions may be confounded by the presence of inflammatory cells. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the application of a formalin‐fixed FNA, designated the cytologic/histopathologic (CytoHisto) technique, to determine the diagnostic quality and ability to arrive at a definitive diagnosis without the use of concentrated cell block or invasive full tissue biopsy procedures during sample collection. Methods: A 10‐cc syringe with a 22‐gauge 1‐inch needle attached was used to obtain a sizable FNA biopsy sample from a thigh mass in a dog. The needle was removed from the syringe, and the material was expulsed from the syringe directly into 10% buffered formalin. After 24–48‐h fixation, a strainer was used to facilitate placement of the fixed granular material into a micromesh biopsy processing/embedding cassette, and the sample was processed as a routine histopathology sample. A microtome was used to make thin sections stained with H&E initially. Then, subsequent sections were stained with immunohistochemical (IHC) stains vimentin, MUM1, and CD18. Alkaline phosphatase staining was performed on a previously Wright's‐stained cytology following IHC results. All sections were coverslipped and viewed under a light microscope. Results: When unable to perform incisional or excisional biopsies, this CytoHisto, FNA in formalin technique was useful for collection and subsequent processing as a histopathology sample, with sectioning and then staining with H&E and IHC stains. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunoreactive for vimentin but negative for MUM1 and CD18. Scattered leukocytes within the background stained positively with CD18. Conclusions: The CytoHisto technique is minimally invasive and allows for sectioning similar to a full‐thickness excisional or incisional biopsy with subsequent H&E and IHC staining, and special stains allow for a definitive diagnosis of osteosarcoma. The CytoHisto technique is a practical diagnostic technique to pursue in clinical practice that minimizes patient invasiveness and maximizes sample collection time, similar to the routine FNA technique.
- Subjects
BIOPSY; OSTEOSARCOMA; GRANULAR materials; ALKALINE phosphatase; DOGS; HISTOPATHOLOGY
- Publication
Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 2022, Vol 51, Issue 3, p349
- ISSN
0275-6382
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/vcp.13056