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- Title
Epidemiological Markers for Interactions Among Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in Upper Respiratory Tract Carriage.
- Authors
Lewnard, Joseph A.; Givon-Lavi, Noga; Huppert, Amit; Pettigrew, Melinda M.; Regev-Yochay, Gili; Dagan, Ron; Weinberger, Daniel M.
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Cocolonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae among children has been noted in numerous studies, as has an inverse relationship involving colonization with these species and Staphylococcus aureus. Interactions among these pathogens could mediate unanticipated outcomes of clinical interventions, including changes in H. influenzae and S. aureus disease incidence following pneumococcal vaccine introduction. However, it remains unclear whether cocolonization patterns represent true interspecies interactions or whether they result from confounding factors.<bold>Methods: </bold>We investigated polymicrobial carriage using longitudinal data from 369 Bedouin children and 400 Jewish children in Israel who were enrolled in a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) trial. Children were swabbed 10 times between 2 and 30 months of age.<bold>Results: </bold>The pathogens followed distinct age and seasonal distributions, but polymicrobial carriage associations persisted after controlling for these and other confounding factors. Receipt of PCV7 resulted in pneumococcal serotype replacement but did not influence total carriage of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, or S. aureus.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>The fact that S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and S. aureus polymicrobial carriage patterns do not result from confounding by age and season supports the idea of active interspecies interactions. However, pneumococcal serotype replacement may prevent changes in H. influenzae and S. aureus carriage among PCV7 recipients.
- Subjects
ISRAEL; STREPTOCOCCACEAE; STREPTOCOCCUS; HAEMOPHILUS; PASTEURELLACEAE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; CARRIER state (Communicable diseases); COMPARATIVE studies; HAEMOPHILUS diseases; HAEMOPHILUS influenzae; LONGITUDINAL method; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; RESPIRATORY infections; STAPHYLOCOCCAL diseases; STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; STREPTOCOCCAL diseases; VACCINES; EVALUATION research; RANDOMIZED controlled trials
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016, Vol 213, Issue 10, p1596
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiv761