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- Title
Functionalized Ionic Liquid-Catalyzed 1-Feruloyl- sn-glycerol Synthesis.
- Authors
Sun, Shangde; Chen, Xiaowei; Bi, Yanlan; Chen, Jingnan; Yang, Guolong; Liu, Wei
- Abstract
Feruloyl Glycerol (FG) is a potential antioxidant and UV absorbing ingredient in food and cosmetic industries. Transesterifications of ethyl ferulate (EF) with glycerol to synthesize FG were performed using different functionalized ionic liquids (1-butylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium tosylate, [BSOHMIM]TS; 1-propylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium tosylate, [PSOHMIM]TS; 1-butylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [BSOHMIM]OTF; 1-butylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [BSOHMIM]HSO; N-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [HMIM]HSO; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide, [BMIM]OH; 1-butyl-3-methylimidazo tetrachloride molysite, [BMIM]FeCl; and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazo tetrachloride molysite, [BMIM]FeCl) as catalysts, respectively. High EF conversion (98.0 ± 1.5 %), 1-FG (1-feruloyl- sn-glycerol) yield (88.7 ± 1.1 %) and reaction selectivity for 1-FG (90.5 ± 2.1 %) were obtained using [BSOHMIM]TS as catalyst. The activation energy ( E), the Michaelis-Menten kinetic constant ( K), and the maximum initial reaction rate ( v) of the transesterification are 65.9 ± 3.3 kJ/mol, 1.8 ± 0.1 mol/L, and (1.6 ± 0.4) × 10 mol/(L min), respectively. Effects of catalyst loading, reaction temperature, and the molar ratio of EF to glycerol on EF conversion and reaction selectivity for 1-FG (1-FG yield/EF conversion) were also investigated.
- Subjects
GLYCERIN; IONIC liquids; ANTIOXIDANTS; CHEMICAL synthesis; TRANSESTERIFICATION; CHEMICAL kinetics; TEMPERATURE effect
- Publication
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society (JAOCS), 2014, Vol 91, Issue 5, p759
- ISSN
0003-021X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11746-014-2413-6