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- Title
A Genome Resequencing-Based Genetic Map Reveals the Recombination Landscape of an Outbred Parasitic Nematode in the Presence of Polyploidy and Polyandry.
- Authors
Doyle, Stephen R.; Laing, Roz; Bartley, David J.; Britton, Collette; Chaudhry, Umer; Gilleard, John S.; Holroyd, Nancy; Mable, Barbara K.; Maitland, Kirsty; Morrison, Alison A.; Tait, Andy; Tracey, Alan; Berriman, Matthew; Devaney, Eileen; Cotton, James A.; Sargison, Neil D.
- Abstract
Theparasitic nematodeHaemonchus contortus is an economically and clinically important pathogen of small ruminants, and a model system for understanding the mechanisms and evolution of traits such as anthelmintic resistance. Anthelmintic resistance is widespread and is a major threat to the sustainability of livestock agriculture globally; however, little is known about the genome architecture and parameters such as recombination that will ultimately influence the rate at which resistancemay evolve and spread. Here, we performed a genetic cross between two divergent strains of H. contortus, and subsequently usedwhole-genome resequencing of a femalewormand her brood to identify the distribution of genomewide variation that characterizes these strains. Using a novel bioinformatic approach to identify variants that segregate as expected in a pseudotestcross, we characterized linkage groups and estimated genetic distances between markers to generate a chromosome-scale F1 genetic map. We exploited this map to reveal the recombination landscape, the first for any helminth species, demonstrating extensive variation in recombination ratewithin and between chromosomes. Analyses of these data also revealed the extent of polyandry, whereby at least eight males were found to have contributed to the genetic variation of the progeny analyzed. Triploid offspring were also identified, which we hypothesize are the result of nondisjunction during female meiosis or polyspermy. These results expand our knowledge of the genetics of parasitic helminths and the unusual life-history of H. contortus, and enhance ongoing efforts to understand the genetic basis of resistance to the drugs used to control theseworms and for related species that infect livestock and humans throughout the world. This study also demonstrates the feasibility of using whole-genome resequencing data to directly construct a genetic map in a single generation cross from a noninbred nonmodel organism with a complex lifecycle.
- Subjects
HAEMONCHUS contortus; ANTHELMINTICS; DRUG resistance in microorganisms; POLYPLOIDY; POLYANDRY; NEMATODE genomes
- Publication
Genome Biology & Evolution, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 2, p396
- ISSN
1759-6653
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/gbe/evx269