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- Title
Advancing spatial repellents for malaria control: effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a spatial repellent under operational use in Northern Uganda—study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.
- Authors
Nakyaze, Esther; Van Hulle, Suzanne; Hembling, John; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Mbodji, Momar; Alwano, Mary Grace; Lamwaka, Felly Christine; Tukwasibwe, Stephen; Gonahasa, Samuel; Liu, Fang; Grieco, John P.; Achee, Nicole L.
- Abstract
Background : Spatial repellents (SRs) have been widely used for the prevention of mosquito bites, and preliminary findings suggest efficacy against both malaria (1) and Aedes-borne viruses (2) but their effectiveness in reducing mosquito-borne diseases under operational use has never been evaluated. SRs have the potential of being critical tools in the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases in contexts where typical vector control strategies, such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying, are inaccessible or underutilized such as among displaced persons or in emergency relief settings. Methods: Children will be enrolled in 3 separate cohorts to establish the effectiveness of SRs in reducing malaria infection in different distribution channels. One cohort will estimate the direct effect of the SR distributed through a reference channel (study personnel distribution). The two remaining cohorts will estimate the protection of the SR distributed through a voucher channel and the Village Health Team channel. Cohorts will be followed twice a month (approximately every 15 days): during the first scheduled household visit in the month, a blood sample will be taken for malaria rapid diagnostic test (Monthly Visit #1); and, during the second scheduled household visit, a blood sample will only be taken if the participant has a recent history of fever (Monthly Visit #2). The incidence of malaria in each cohort will be estimated and compared to the reference cohort to determine the benefit of using a SR in an area with high, year-round transmission of malaria. Discussion: This study will address the knowledge gap of whether or not SRs are effective in reducing human malaria disease in humanitarian assistance and emergency response settings in sub-Saharan Africa where underlying transmission rates are historically high and ITNs may or may not be widely deployed. This research will inform policy makers on whether to recommend SRs as a means to further reduce malaria transmission for such operational programs. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06122142. Registered on November 8, 2023.
- Publication
Trials, 2024, Vol 25, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1745-6215
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s13063-024-08378-1