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- Title
Distinct neural encoding of glimpsed and masked speech in multitalker situations.
- Authors
Raghavan, Vinay S; O'Sullivan, James; Bickel, Stephan; Mehta, Ashesh D.; Mesgarani, Nima
- Abstract
Humans can easily tune in to one talker in a multitalker environment while still picking up bits of background speech; however, it remains unclear how we perceive speech that is masked and to what degree non-target speech is processed. Some models suggest that perception can be achieved through glimpses, which are spectrotemporal regions where a talker has more energy than the background. Other models, however, require the recovery of the masked regions. To clarify this issue, we directly recorded from primary and non-primary auditory cortex (AC) in neurosurgical patients as they attended to one talker in multitalker speech and trained temporal response function models to predict high-gamma neural activity from glimpsed and masked stimulus features. We found that glimpsed speech is encoded at the level of phonetic features for target and non-target talkers, with enhanced encoding of target speech in non-primary AC. In contrast, encoding of masked phonetic features was found only for the target, with a greater response latency and distinct anatomical organization compared to glimpsed phonetic features. These findings suggest separate mechanisms for encoding glimpsed and masked speech and provide neural evidence for the glimpsing model of speech perception. When humans tune in to one talker in a "cocktail party" scenario, what do we do with the non-target speech? This human intracranial study reveals new insights into the distinct mechanisms by which listeners process target and non-target speech in a crowded environment.
- Subjects
SPEECH; SPEECH perception; AUDITORY cortex; ENCODING; COCKTAIL parties
- Publication
PLoS Biology, 2023, Vol 21, Issue 6, p1
- ISSN
1544-9173
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pbio.3002128