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- Title
Differential diagnosis of stage 2, 3 and 4 pressure injuries of the pelvis and lower extremity: a case series.
- Authors
Caudill, Jennifer; Chrisman, Tim; Chen, Joanna; Zajac, Kelsee; Simman, Richard
- Abstract
Constant, unrelieved pressure of local tissue, particularly over bony prominences, may provoke damage that progresses to necrosis and pressure injury (PI). Differentiating PIs from conditions of similar appearance is imperative to minimising complications and implementing prompt treatment. This case series describes several conditions that may be mistaken for a PI. Outlined are the key differences in patient history, presentation and clinical cues that assist in correctly identifying the true pathology behind these conditions. Conditions reviewed included: pyoderma gangrenosum; necrotising fasciitis; genital herpes; Marjolin ulcer, Rosai–Dorfman disease; vascular disease; coagulopathies; calciphylaxis; trauma and surgical wounds; pilonidal cysts; graft-versus-host disease; hidradenitis suppurativa; Stevens–Johnson syndrome; epidermolysis bullosa; radiation wounds; spider bites; and end-of-life skin failure pressure ulcers (also known as Kennedy ulcers). Although commonly recognised and diagnosed, stage 2, 3 and 4 PIs occasionally prove to be difficult to pinpoint, with undefined characteristics and similarities in presentation to several other conditions. Therefore, it is clinically vital to be aware of their appearance, risk factors and aetiology in order to make an appropriate patient assessment and avoid misdiagnosis.
- Subjects
TRAUMATOLOGY diagnosis; WOUND healing; ULCERS; HERPES genitalis; GRAFT versus host disease; PRESSURE ulcers; DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis; STEVENS-Johnson Syndrome; LEG; RISK assessment; INTESTINAL fistula; ARTHROPODA; TREATMENT effectiveness; SURGICAL site; DIAGNOSTIC errors; PYODERMA gangrenosum; WOUNDS &; injuries; VASCULAR diseases; EPIDERMOLYSIS bullosa; PELVIS; CALCIPHYLAXIS; PILONIDAL cyst; HIDRADENITIS suppurativa; NECROTIZING fasciitis; VASCULITIS; WOUND care; SURGICAL dressings; BANDAGES &; bandaging; DISEASE risk factors; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Journal of Wound Care, 2023, Vol 32, pS22
- ISSN
0969-0700
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.12968/jowc.2023.32.Sup9.S22