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- Title
The Effect of a Diet Moderately High in Protein and Fiber on Insulin Sensitivity Measured Using the Dynamic Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Test (DISST).
- Authors
Morenga, Lisa Te; Docherty, Paul; Williams, Sheila; Mann, Jim
- Abstract
Evidence shows that weight loss improves insulin sensitivity but few studies have examined the effect of macronutrient composition independently of weight loss on direct measures of insulin sensitivity. We randomised 89 overweight or obese women to either a standard diet (StdD), that was intended to be low in fat and relatively high in carbohydrate (n = 42) or to a relatively high protein (up to 30% of energy), relatively high fibre (>30 g/day) diet (HPHFib) (n = 47) for 10 weeks. Advice regarding strict adherence to energy intake goals was not given. Insulin sensitivity and secretion was assessed by a novel method--the Dynamic Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Test (DISST). Although there were significant improvements in body composition and most cardiometabolic risk factors on HPHFib, insulin sensitivity was reduced by 19.3% (95% CI: 31.8%, 4.5%; p = 0.013) in comparison with StdD. We conclude that the reduction in insulin sensitivity after a diet relatively high in both protein and fibre, despite cardiometabolic improvements, suggests insulin sensitivity may reflect metabolic adaptations to dietary composition for maintenance of glucose homeostasis, rather than impaired metabolism.
- Subjects
DIABETES risk factors; INSULIN resistance; BODY composition; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; CONFIDENCE intervals; DIETARY fiber; HOMEOSTASIS; NUTRITIONAL requirements; DIETARY proteins; WEIGHT loss; METABOLIC syndrome; DIAGNOSIS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2017, Vol 9, Issue 12, p1291
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu9121291