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- Title
Work-Related Stressors and Increased Risk of Benzodiazepine Long-Term Use: Findings From the CONSTANCES Population-Based Cohort.
- Authors
Airagnes, Guillaume; Lemogne, Cédric; Olekhnovitch, Romain; Roquelaure, Yves; Hoertel, Nicolas; Goldberg, Marcel; Limosin, Frédéric; Zins, Marie
- Abstract
Objectives. To examine whether stressful job exposure to the public could be associated with having long-term benzodiazepine use. Methods. From the participants included between 2012 and 2016 in the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, 13 934 men and 19 261 women declared a daily job exposure to the public and rated the frequency of stressful exposure. We examined benzodiazepine long-term use by using drug reimbursement administrative registries. Logistic regressions provided odds ratios (ORs) of benzodiazepine long-term use, with stratification for gender and adjustment for age, education, and area deprivation index. Occupational grade, job strain, depression, self-rated health, and alcohol use disorder were additional stratification variables. Results. Benzodiazepine long-term use was positively associated with stressful exposure to the public ("often or always" vs "rarely or never") in men (OR = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8, 2.8) and women (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.4, 1.9), with dose-dependent relationships (P trends <.001). Adjustments and analyses in subgroups without other individual or environmental vulnerability factors led to similar results. Conclusions. Stressful job exposure to the public increases the risk of benzodiazepine long-term use. Prevention programs aiming at reducing the burden of benzodiazepine long-term use would benefit in targeting this specific population.
- Subjects
FRANCE; JOB stress; BENZODIAZEPINE abuse; CUSTOMER relations; DRUG abuse risk factors; MUNICIPAL services -- Utilization; WOMEN; MEN -- Substance use; CLIENT relations; AGE distribution; BENZODIAZEPINES; CONFIDENCE intervals; MENTAL depression; DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology; HEALTH status indicators; INDUSTRIAL hygiene; LONGITUDINAL method; PUBLIC health; RISK assessment; SELF-evaluation; SEX distribution; LOGISTIC regression analysis; TRANQUILIZING drugs; HEALTH insurance reimbursement; EDUCATIONAL attainment; HUMAN services programs; TREATMENT duration; ALCOHOL-induced disorders; PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability; ODDS ratio
- Publication
American Journal of Public Health, 2019, Vol 109, Issue 1, p119
- ISSN
0090-0036
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2105/AJPH.2018.304734