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- Title
Bacteremia Among Febrile Patients Attending Selected Healthcare Facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Authors
Popoola, Oluwafemi; Kehinde, Aderemi; Ogunleye, Veronica; Adewusi, Oluwafemi J; Toy, Trevor; Mogeni, Ondari D; Aroyewun, Eunice O; Agbi, Sarah; Adekanmbi, Olukemi; Adepoju, Akinlolu; Muyibi, Sufiyan; Adebiyi, Ini; Elaturoti, Oluseyi O; Nwimo, Chukwuemeka; Adeoti, Hadizah; Omotosho, Temitope; Akinlabi, Olabisi C; Adegoke, Paul A; Adeyanju, Olusoji A; Panzner, Ursula
- Abstract
Background The relative contribution of bacterial infections to febrile disease is poorly understood in many African countries due to diagnostic limitations. This study screened pediatric and adult patients attending 4 healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria, for bacteremia and malaria parasitemia. Methods Febrile patients underwent clinical diagnosis, malaria parasite testing, and blood culture. Bacteria from positive blood cultures were isolated and speciated using biochemical and serological methods, and Salmonella subtyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion. Results A total of 682 patients were recruited between 16 June and 16 October 2017; 467 (68.5%) were <18 years of age. Bacterial pathogens were cultured from the blood of 117 (17.2%) patients, with Staphylococcus aureus (69 [59.0%]) and Salmonella enterica (34 [29.1%]) being the most common species recovered. Twenty-seven (79.4%) of the Salmonella isolates were serovar Typhi and the other 7 belonged to nontyphoidal Salmonella serovarieties. Thirty-four individuals were found to be coinfected with Plasmodium falciparum and bacteria. Five (14.7%) of these coinfections were with Salmonella , all in children aged <5 years. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that most of the Salmonella and Staphylococcus isolates were multidrug resistant. Conclusions The study demonstrates that bacteria were commonly recovered from febrile patients with or without malaria in this location. Focused and extended epidemiological studies are needed for the introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccines that have the potential to prevent a major cause of severe community-acquired febrile diseases in our locality.
- Subjects
NIGERIA; BACTEREMIA diagnosis; MALARIA diagnosis; BACTEREMIA; BLOOD; CELL culture; CLINICAL pathology; HEALTH facilities; MEDICAL screening; MICROBIAL sensitivity tests; MULTIDRUG resistance; PEDIATRICS; POLYMERASE chain reaction; SALMONELLA; SERODIAGNOSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; SALMONELLA diseases; SEVERITY of illness index; PARASITEMIA; MIXED infections
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019, Vol 69, pS466
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/cid/ciz516