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- Title
Running outcomes following an intensive exercise program in those with brain injury.
- Authors
Moriello, Gabriele; Haller, Michelle; Adams, Alexandra; Cable, Lydia; Stone, Katie; Ingegni, Alyssa
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this case series was to document running outcomes following an intense exercise program paired with body weight supported treadmill training. Methods: The five study participants were on average 6.4 years post-traumatic brain injury (TBI). They participated in a three-phase program, two times per week, for 15 weeks. Phase I (six weeks) included strengthening, flexibility, balance and agility exercises. Phase II (six weeks) included body weight supported treadmill training and Phase III (three weeks) included over ground running. Outcome measures were taken at baseline and after each phase and included the High Level Mobility Assessment Tool, running speed, running distance, quality of running and lower extremity muscle strength. Results: Average High Level Mobility Assessment Tool scores increased from 19.6 to 26.8, average running speed from 2.7 m/sec to 3.1 m/sec and average running distance from 384 meters to 1331 meters. Changes in muscle strength and quality of running were inconsistent although some trends emerged. The most common observable improvements in running quality were symmetry and mechanics of upper extremity movement. Changes in lower extremity strength were inconsistent and varied among the participants but there was a general trend toward increases in strength of the hip extensors and abductors, knee flexors and ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors. Clinical implications: This case series demonstrated that some individuals with chronic TBI have the potential to run again even years post injury. In certain individuals, rehabilitation programs should go beyond basic ADLs and target a return to higher-level activities.
- Subjects
NEW York (State); ARM physiology; KNEE physiology; LEG physiology; PHYSICAL fitness; ANKLE physiology; HIP joint physiology; EXERCISE therapy; ANKLE; BIOMECHANICS; POSTURAL balance; EXERCISE; EXERCISE physiology; EXERCISE tests; RANGE of motion of joints; LONGITUDINAL method; MOTOR ability; MUSCLE contraction; MUSCLE strength; HEALTH outcome assessment; RESEARCH funding; RUNNING; STRETCH (Physiology); THERAPEUTICS; VIDEO recording; PLYOMETRICS; TREADMILLS; FUNCTIONAL training; TREATMENT effectiveness; ABDUCTION (Kinesiology); REHABILITATION for brain injury patients; EXERCISE intensity; FUNCTIONAL assessment; WEIGHT-bearing (Orthopedics); DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
Clinical Kinesiology (Online Edition), 2013, Vol 67, Issue 4, p44
- ISSN
0896-9620
- Publication type
Article