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- Title
Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety and trauma-like symptoms in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Hong Kong.
- Authors
Nam Chan, Joe Kwun; Chang, Don Ho Hin; Fung, Vivian Shi Cheng; Ching Chui, Eileena Mo; Wong, Corine Sau Man; Chu, Ryan Sai Ting; So, Yuen Kiu; Chan, Jacob Man Tik; Chung, Albert Kar Kin; Lee, Krystal Chi Kei; Cheng, Calvin Pak Wing; Lo, Heidi Ka Ying; Law, Chi Wing; Chan, Wai Chi; Chang, Wing Chung
- Abstract
Background: Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health outcome during COVID-19 pandemic, but its associated factors are understudied. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to comprehensively examine prevalence and correlates of psychological distress, in terms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms, among Chinese adult psychiatric outpatients amidst the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong-Kong. Methods: A total of 415 patients (comprising 246 patients with common-mental-disorders [CMD] and 169 with severe-mental-disorders [SMD]) and 399 demographically-matched controls without mental disorders were assessed with self-rated questionnaires between 28-March and 8-April-2022, encompassing illness profile, mental health symptoms, psychosocial measures (loneliness, resilience, coping styles) and COVID-19 related factors. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with moderate-to-severe depressive, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms among psychiatric patients. Results: Our results showed that CMD patients had the greatest psychological distress relative to SMD patients and controls. Approximately 40–55% CMD patients and 25% SMD patients exhibited moderate-to-severe depression, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that female gender, lower educational attainment, single marital status, being housewife, more severe insomnia, psychotic-like symptoms and cognitive complaints, self-harm behavior, lower resilience, avoidance coping, never contracting COVID-19 infection, greater fear of contagion, and longer exposure to pandemic-related information were independently associated with depression, anxiety and/or PTSD-like symptoms in psychiatric patients. Conclusions: Our results affirm increased vulnerability of psychiatric patients toward psychological distress during pandemic. An array of identified correlates facilitates early detection of high-risk psychiatric patients for targeted strategies to minimize pandemic-related negative psychological impact.
- Subjects
HONG Kong (China); PEOPLE with mental illness; COVID-19 pandemic; POST-traumatic stress disorder; LONELINESS; MENTAL illness; ANXIETY; PSYCHOLOGICAL factors
- Publication
BMC Psychiatry, 2024, Vol 24, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-244X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12888-024-05815-y