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- Title
Hazard and Removal of Soluble Sodium from Red Mud Through Stepwise Recovery by Super Gravity.
- Authors
Lan, Xi; Gao, Jintao; Li, Yu; Guo, Zhancheng
- Abstract
Bayer red mud, a solid waste that is generated during the production of alumina, is classified as an industrial solid waste because of the high alkalinity of its constituent, soluble sodium (Na). In this study, an efficient method for the removal of soluble sodium from the red mud through stepwise recovery by supergravity was developed. First, the Na was completely concentrated in Na-rich slag by separating the FeAl2O4 phase from the red mud via super gravity. Subsequently, Na was further solidified and recovered as NaAlSiO4 from the Na-rich slag at its single crystallization temperature (1423–1323 K) via supergravity. Accordingly, soluble Na was recovered stepwise into the Na-rich slag and then to the NaAlSiO4 phase from red mud with a high recovery ratio of 98.14%. Moreover, the low leaching ratio of Na+ in NaAlSiO4 indicated that the removal process of soluble Na from the red mud was efficient and eco-friendly. This study offers insights into for the dealkalization and resource utilization of red mud.
- Subjects
BAYER AG; MUD; SOLID waste; SODIUM; INDUSTRIAL wastes; GRAVITY; SLAG
- Publication
JOM: The Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS), 2023, Vol 75, Issue 9, p3446
- ISSN
1047-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11837-023-05906-3