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- Title
Characterization of the sterol 14α-demethylases of Fusarium graminearum identifies a novel genus-specific CYP51 function.
- Authors
Fan, Jieru; Urban, Martin; Parker, Josie E.; Brewer, Helen C.; Kelly, Steven L.; Hammond‐Kosack, Kim E.; Fraaije, Bart A.; Liu, Xili; Cools, Hans J.
- Abstract
CYP51 encodes the cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase, an enzyme essential for sterol biosynthesis and the target of azole fungicides. In Fusarium species, including pathogens of humans and plants, three CYP51 paralogues have been identified with one unique to the genus. Currently, the functions of these three genes and the rationale for their conservation within the genus Fusarium are unknown., Three Fusarium graminearum CYP51s ( Fg CYP51s) were heterologously expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Single and double Fg CYP51 deletion mutants were generated and the functions of the Fg CYP51s were characterized in vitro and in planta., Fg CYP51A and Fg CYP51B can complement yeast CYP51 function, whereas Fg CYP51C cannot. Fg CYP51A deletion increases the sensitivity of F. graminearum to the tested azoles. In ΔFg CYP51B and ΔFg CYP51 BC mutants, ascospore formation is blocked, and eburicol and two additional 14-methylated sterols accumulate. Fg CYP51C deletion reduces virulence on host wheat ears., Fg CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14α-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. Fg CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14α-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. Fg CYP51C does not encode a sterol 14α-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. This is the first example of the functional diversification of a fungal CYP51.
- Subjects
CYTOCHROME P-450 genetics; DEMETHYLASE; FUSARIUM diseases of plants; PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of azoles; MICROBIAL virulence; ERGOSTEROL
- Publication
New Phytologist, 2013, Vol 198, Issue 3, p821
- ISSN
0028-646X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nph.12193