We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Almanya’nın Cihad Politikasının Mimarı Baron Max von Oppenheim: Ajan, Provokatör, Arkeolog, Diplomat.
- Authors
KILIÇ, Selami
- Abstract
Born in Köln, Germany, on July 15, 1860, Max Freiherrn von Oppenheim belonged to a rich Jewish banker family well known by German financial centers. He had a very good childhood and education. He worked as a clerk in different cities of Germany. After he finished his education in law, he received doctor of law degree in 1883. His greatest desire was to travel to the colorful world of the Orient. That dream was realized in the winter of 1883, when he made his first travel to the Orient. His next travel to the Orient was 3 years later. This time he went to Morocco, which still looked like the magical land of the Middle Ages. In 1892, he set out on his great tour and first went to Spain and then to Maghrib and Cairo. In 1893, he visited India and then Eastern Africa. He went to Istanbul upon the invitation by Abdulhamid II. He wrote about his impressions of the Ottoman geography in his two-volume book titled From the Mediterranean to Persian Gulf. He went to Cairo for his first diplomatic mission in 1896. Claimed to be the special agent of Emperor Wilhelm II, Oppenheim stayed in Egypt for 13 years. His main duty in these years was to monitor the Islamic world, especially Islamic press. He sent about 500 reports and notes to Berlin during these 13 years. These were about political, religious, and cultural issues. In his trips around Cairo, he discovered Tell-Halaf antique city and made one of the most important excavations of the early twentieth century. He presented a secret report about “Sedition of Islamic World against Our Enemies” to the ministry in the autumn of 1914. This was a call for jihad and was intended to direct the wrath of the Muslims to their enemies. Consisting of 136 pages, this report explained in detail the revolts to be staged in the Islamic world. The most important revolts were to be staged in Egypt and India. These were to be followed by other revolts in Caucasia, Morocco, Tunis, and Algeria. He was summoned to Berlin when the First World War broke out and started to work with a diplomatic mission again. He founded “Oriental Intelligence Centre” in Berlin. He worked as the president of this centre for a short time and went to Istanbul to establish “Information Centre Rooms.” He organized about 80 rooms to enable press to make proper propaganda. After the war, he maintained his political studies together with his scientific excavations, especially his Tell-Halaf excavations. His 80-year life as a traveller, agent, and archaeologist ended on November 15, 1946.
- Subjects
CAIRO (Egypt); WORLD War I; JIHAD; CITIES &; towns; VOYAGES &; travels; AUTUMN; WAR; JEWISH families; SEDITION
- Publication
Turcology Research, 2023, Vol 78, Issue 1, p438
- ISSN
2822-2725
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5152/JTRI.2023.23255