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- Title
Réponses d’une vigne locale à une pollution fluorée.
- Authors
Abdallah, Ferjani Ben; Elloumi, Nada; Mezghani, Imed; Boukhris, Makki; Garrec, Jean Pierre
- Abstract
The effects of atmospheric pollution by fluoride compounds were studied on a local grapevine cultivar, Vitis vinifera L. ‘Asli’, grown in the vicinity of a factory that produces phosphate fertilizer. The objective of this study was to determine mechanisms allowing these indigenous grapevines to survive in the polluted area. The response of this cultivar was monitored during growth on two plots of land, one exposed to fumes from the polluting factory, and the other far away from the pollution. Measured parameters were stomatal conductance, leaf fluoride and calcium content, as well as photosynthesis of healthy leaf areas. Our results suggest that survival of grapevine was related to the partitioning of fluoride in leaf boundaries and extremities with plant tendency to delimit the new necrotic tissues by a narrow dark violet borderline, leading to the development of concentric halos of necrotic zones, and giving the blade a mosaic aspect. These symptoms may be useful as an indicator of air quality and plant state. This response occurs concomitantly with the ability of healthy leaf areas to preserve plant photosynthetic capacity, as long as necroses did not exceed 10%–20% of the leaf surface. In addition to sequestering fluorides in particular leaf areas, stomata also temporarily closed, restricting the accumulation of pollutant. On the other hand, fluoride accumulation was accompanied by calcium accumulation, suggesting that calcium is involved in trapping and detoxifying fluoride by its sequestration as CaF2. Finally, our results did not support the redistribution of fluoride, which remained sequestered in aged leaves. In fact, fluoride contamination of berries seemed to be a direct result of the factory fume, rather than endogenous supplies.
- Subjects
GRAPE varieties; SURVIVAL behavior (Animals); AIR pollution; FLUORIDES; FLUORINE compounds; GRAPES; CULTIVARS; PHOSPHATE fertilizers; BOTANY
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Botany, 2006, Vol 84, Issue 3, p393
- ISSN
0008-4026
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/B06-010