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- Title
Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies.
- Authors
Zob, Daniela Luminita; Augustin, Iolanda; Caba, Lavinia; Panzaru, Monica-Cristina; Popa, Setalia; Popa, Alina Delia; Florea, Laura; Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad
- Abstract
Melanoma is a common and aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes. The increasing incidence of cutaneous melanoma in recent last decades highlights the need for predictive biomarkers studies. Melanoma development is a complex process, involving the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Genetic aberrations include BRAF, NRAS, NF1, MAP2K1/MAP2K2, KIT, GNAQ, GNA11, CDKN2A, TERT mutations, and translocations of kinases. Epigenetic alterations involve microRNAs, non-coding RNAs, histones modifications, and abnormal DNA methylations. Genetic aberrations and epigenetic marks are important as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease recurrence, and for therapeutic targets. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the genomic and epigenetic changes in melanoma and discusses the latest scientific information.
- Subjects
MOLECULAR biology; BIOMARKERS; MELANOMA; GENOMICS; EPIGENOMICS; NON-coding RNA
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023, Vol 24, Issue 1, p716
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms24010716