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- Title
Regulatory T cells: A review of manufacturing and clinical utility.
- Authors
Mamo, Tewodros; Hippen, Keli L.; MacMillan, Margaret L.; Brunstein, Claudio G.; Miller, Jeffrey S.; Wagner, John E.; Blazar, Bruce R.; McKenna, David H.
- Abstract
The success and approval of the CD19 CAR T-cell therapy have inspired the use of the CAR T technology for a wide range of applications including the engineering of CAR Tregs.39 The main advantage of using CAR Tregs is to achieve antigen specificity by redirecting Tregs toward a target antigen. In addition, infused cell therapy products were shown to be persistent in circulation up to 1 year retaining their Foxp3 SP + sp CD25 SP + sp Treg phenotype.23 However, this study also showed that there was a rapid decline in the percentage of infused Tregs in circulation, with the majority of the Tregs being undetectable within 90 days. As Tregs comprise only 5%-10% of the CD4 SP + sp T-cell population,3,4 obtaining a pure population of Tregs from PBMCs requires multiple steps of isolation and expansion. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a population of T cells that are specialized for suppressing the activation and expansion of aberrant or overreactive lymphocytes.1 Tregs comprise 5%-10% of the CD4 SP + sp T-cell population2 and are characterized mainly by the transcription factor (and lineage marker) forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3).3,4 Other important markers include high surface expression of CD25 (the IL-2 receptor -chain) and low expression of CD127 (the IL-7 receptor -chain).5 Therefore, phenotypically, Tregs can be defined as CD4 SP + sp CD25 SP + sp CD127 SP low sp T cells, and this combination of markers can be used to identify them from other cells.6 The role of Tregs in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases became clear after the discovery of intracellular FOXP3 and certain Treg surface markers (e.g., CD25 or IL-2 receptor ).
- Publication
Transfusion, 2022, Vol 62, Issue 4, p904
- ISSN
0041-1132
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/trf.16797