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- Title
Abnormal Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Levels and Other Risk Factors Associated with Lung Function Impairment at 6 and 12 Months after Hospitalization Due to COVID-19: A Cohort Study.
- Authors
Jiménez-Rodríguez, Beatriz María; Triviño-Ibáñez, Eva Maria; Gutiérrez-Fernández, José; Romero-Ortiz, Ana Dolores; Ramos-Urbina, Eldis Maria; Morales-García, Concepción
- Abstract
Respiratory function deficits are common sequelae for COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to identify the medical conditions that may influence lung function impairment at 12 months after SARS-CoV2 infection and to analyze the role of alpha-1 antytripsin (AAT) deficiciency (AATD). A cohort study was conducted on hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Granada (Spain) during the first infection wave who were referred to a post-COVID-19 hospital clinic. The patients were monitored with three follow-up visits from May 2020 to May 2021. Previous medical history, hospital admission data, baseline parameters and physical examination data were collected at the first visit. Pulmonary function tests were performed at 6 and 12 months together with the determination of AAT level and AATD genotype. After 12 months, 49 out of 157 patients (31.2%) continued to have lung function impairment. A multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association of lung function impairment with: higher Charlson index; pneumonia with a central and/or mixed distribution; anemia on admission; time in intensive care; need for corticosteroid boluses; abnormal respiratory sounds at 6 months; elevated lactate dehydrogenase at 12 months; abnormal AAT; and MZ genotype. Our results suggest that these medical conditions predispose COVID-19 patients to develop long-term lung function sequelae.
- Subjects
SPAIN; EVALUATION of medical care; REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; COVID-19; GENETIC mutation; CHEST X rays; LUNG diseases; TIME; RISK assessment; ALPHA 1-antitrypsin deficiency; HOSPITAL care; GENOTYPES; PULMONARY function tests; COMPUTED tomography; DATA analysis software; LONGITUDINAL method; DISEASE risk factors
- Publication
Healthcare (2227-9032), 2022, Vol 10, Issue 12, p2341
- ISSN
2227-9032
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/healthcare10122341