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- Title
Control of thermochromic behaviour in crystal violet lactone (CVL)/alkyl gallate/alcohol ternary mixtures.
- Authors
Bourque, Alexander N.; White, Mary Anne
- Abstract
Three-component thermochromic mixtures generally consist of a leuco dye, a phenolic colour developer, and a high-melting organic solvent (listed in order of increasing mass). Their colouring behaviour is controlled by competing binary interactions, with the dye-developer interaction responsible for colour formation and the developer-solvent interaction responsible for solid-state colour erasure. In the present study, the reversible thermochromic properties of twelve systems of three-component mixtures comprising crystal violet lactone (CVL, dye), one of four alkyl gallates (developer), and one of three long-chain alkyl alcohols (solvent) were examined, as bulk samples, with slow heating and cooling rates. The thermochromic behaviour (i.e., melt-lightened vs melt-darkened thermochromism) of these mixtures was examined as a function of the difference in length of the alkyl chains attached to the developer and solvent. When the alkyl chain lengths were well-matched, the developer-solvent interaction dominated in the solid state and melt-darkened thermochromism was observed. When the alkyl chain lengths were poorly matched, the dye-developer interaction dominated in the solid state, and melt-lightened thermochromism was observed. Ternary thermochromic phase diagrams define compositional regions of optimal thermochromic behaviour (i.e., demonstrating high colour contrast), showing the intricate balance between developer-dye and developer-solvent interactions, and component concentration, in determining thermochromic behaviour.
- Subjects
THERMOCHROMISM; GENTIAN violet; LACTONES; GALLATES; VAT dyes; ETHANOL
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 2015, Vol 93, Issue 1, p22
- ISSN
0008-4042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/cjc-2014-0251