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- Title
Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia.
- Authors
Shadman, Soran; Miller, Thomas W.; Yalin, Azer P.
- Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere, particularly those from agricultural sources, can be damaging to the environment and human health and can drive a need for sensor technologies that can be used to detect and quantify the emissions. Mobile sensing approaches that can be deployed on ground-based or aerial vehicles can provide scalable solutions for high throughput measurements but require relatively compact and low-power sensor systems. This contribution presents an ammonia sensor based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) integrated with a Herriott multi-pass cell and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 10.33 µm oriented to mobile use. An open-path configuration is used to mitigate sticky-gas effects and achieve high time-response. The final sensor package is relatively small (~20 L), lightweight (~3.5 kg), battery-powered (<30 W) and operates autonomously. Details of the WMS setup and analysis method are presented along with laboratory tests showing sensor accuracy (<~2%) and precision (~4 ppb in 1 s). Initial field deployments on both ground vehicles and a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are also presented.
- Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC ammonia; MODULATION spectroscopy; QUANTUM cascade lasers; DETECTORS; LASERS
- Publication
Sensors (14248220), 2023, Vol 23, Issue 14, p6498
- ISSN
1424-8220
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/s23146498