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- Title
Palm Oil Decanter Cake Wastes as Alternative Nutrient Sources and Biomass Support Particles for Production of Fungal Whole-Cell Lipase and Application as Low-Cost Biocatalyst for Biodiesel Production.
- Authors
H-Kittikun, Aran; Cheirsilp, Benjamas; Sohsomboon, Natthapat; Binmarn, Darun; Pathom-aree, Wasu; Srinuanpan, Sirasit
- Abstract
This is the first report on the possible use of decanter cake waste (DCW) from palm oil industry as alternative nutrient sources and biomass support particles for whole-cell lipase production under solid-state fermentation (SSF) by newly isolated fungal Aspergillus sp. MS15 and their application as a low-cost and environment-friendly biocatalyst for biodiesel production. The results found that DCW supplemented with 0.1% K2HPO4, 0.05% MgSO4·7H2O, 1% peptone and 2% urea and pH adjusted to 6.0 was optimal for whole-cell lipase production. The optimal moisture content and fermentation temperature was 60% and 37.5 °C, respectively. Environmentally friendly biodiesel production, through either esterification or transesterification using whole-cell lipase immobilized on DCW as a biocatalyst, was optimized. The optimal reaction temperature for both reactions was 37 °C. The whole-cell lipase effectively esterified oleic acid into >95% biodiesel yield through esterification under optimal water activity at 0.71 and an optimal methanol to oleic acid molar ratio of 2:1, and also effectively transesterified palm oil under optimal water activity at 0.81 and an optimal methanol to oil molar ratio of 3:1. The fuel properties of produced biodiesel are close to the international biodiesel standards. These results have shown the circular utilization of palm oil mill waste for the low-cost production of an effective biocatalyst, and may contribute greatly to the sustainability of renewable bioenergy production.
- Subjects
BIODIESEL fuels; LIPASES; ENZYMES; VEGETABLE oils; DECANTERS; PALM oil industry; SOLID-state fermentation
- Publication
Processes, 2021, Vol 9, Issue 8, p1365
- ISSN
2227-9717
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pr9081365