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- Title
Distinct Schistosoma mansoni -Specific Immunoglobulin Subclasses Are Induced by Different Schistosoma mansoni Stages—A Tool to Decipher Schistosoma mansoni Infection Stages.
- Authors
Arndts, Kathrin; Elfaki, Tayseer E. M.; Doenhoff, Michael J.; Katawa, Gnatoulma; Goreish, Ibtisam A.; Atti El Mekki, Misk El Yemen A.; Hoerauf, Achim; Ritter, Manuel; Layland, Laura E.
- Abstract
Despite the existence of an effective medication against schistosomiasis, the disease remains a major health problem in affected areas, especially for those lacking appropriate sanitary facilities. Moreover, treatment cannot prevent re-infection since it is only effective on adult schistosome worms. Previous retrospective studies in the Sudan have discovered unique immuno-epidemiological profiles in uninfected individuals and those positive for Schistosoma mansoni via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but egg-negative and those with eggs in their stool. Expanding on these data, serum samples from these individuals were further investigated for the presence of cercarial (SmCTF)-specific antibodies, which would indicate immune responses at the early stages of infection. Indeed, SmCTF IgG1, 2, 3 and 4 levels were significantly elevated in SmPCR+ individuals when compared to egg+ patients. Following multivariable regression analysis, including SmCTF-specific Igs, Schistosoma egg antigen (SEA)-specific and Schistosoma worm antigen (SWA)-specific immunoglobulins revealed a specific immunoglobulin (Ig) profile of individuals presenting different states of infection, which may be a useful future tool in order to identify egg− individuals and thereby prevent unnecessary treatments.
- Subjects
SUDAN; SCHISTOSOMA mansoni; POLYMERASE chain reaction; SCHISTOSOMA; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; IMMUNOGLOBULINS
- Publication
Pathogens, 2022, Vol 11, Issue 1, p19
- ISSN
2076-0817
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pathogens11010019