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- Title
Impact of symmetry energy on sound speed and spinodal decomposition in dense neutron-rich matter.
- Authors
Zhang, Nai-Bo; Li, Bao-An
- Abstract
Using a meta model for nuclear Equation of State (EOS) with its parameters constrained by astrophysical observations and terrestrial nuclear experiments, we examine effects of nuclear EOS especially its symmetry energy E sym (ρ) term on the speed of sound squared C s 2 (ρ) and the critical density ρ t where C s 2 (ρ t) vanishes (indicating the onset of spinodal decomposition) in both dense neutron-rich nucleonic matter relevant for relativistic heavy-ion collisions and the cold n + p + e + μ matter in neutron stars at β -equilibrium. Unlike in nucleonic matter with fixed values of the isospin asymmetry δ , in neutron stars with a density dependent isospin profile δ (ρ) determined consistently by the β -equilibrium and charge neutrality conditions, the C s 2 (ρ) almost always show a peak and then vanishes at ρ t . The latter strongly depends on the high-density behavior of E sym (ρ) if the skewness parameter J 0 characterizing the stiffness of high-density symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) EOS is not too far above its currently known most probable value of about - 190 MeV inferred from recent Bayesian analyses of neutron star observables. Moreover, in the case of having a super-soft E sym (ρ) that is decreasing with increasing density above about twice the saturation density of nuclear matter, the ρ t is significantly lower than the density where the E sym (ρ) vanishes (indicating the onset of isospin-separation instability and pure neutron matter formation) in neutron star cores.
- Subjects
SPEED of sound; SOUND energy; DENSITY of stars; NEUTRON stars; NUCLEAR matter; HEAVY-ion atom collisions
- Publication
European Physical Journal A -- Hadrons & Nuclei, 2023, Vol 59, Issue 4, p1
- ISSN
1434-6001
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01010-x